Construction 3D Printers for Your Business

AMT construction printers operate using additive manufacturing technology. Construction Extrusion Printing (CEP) is a method that follows these steps:

• Creating a 3D digital model of the construction project or product;
• Slicing the model into cross-sectional layers;
• Converting the model into digital data (G-code);
• Transmitting the executable code to the print head extruder;
• Layer-by-layer extrusion of the construction mix according to the model;
• Hardening of the material until the object (or product) is fully formed.

Depending on the printer model, the output ranges from 0.6 to 2.5 cubic meters per hour or approximately 9–25 square meters of single-chamber wall. The specific performance details for each model can be found in the "Printers" section under the specifications of individual printers.

The performance varies by design, with a typical range of 0.3 to 0.6 cubic meters per hour, which equates to roughly 10–15 square meters of wall.

The key benefits of construction 3D printing include:

• Shorter construction timelines
• Reduced construction costs
• Minimal operational staff required
• Fewer errors and defects
• Expanded design possibilities

Yes, printing columns of any configuration is possible.

During the printing process, horizontal reinforcement can be achieved by placing rebar or mesh between layers and embedding it within the structure. If assembling a building from factory-printed elements, horizontal reinforcement can also be added between layers of these elements. Vertical post-reinforcement is possible within wall cavities before pouring concrete or foam-based mixtures. All reinforcement parameters, such as rebar thickness, spacing, and positioning in both horizontal and vertical planes, are determined during the design phase.

Reinforcement can be carried out by either inserting rebar or reinforcement frames into wall cavities before pouring or by placing horizontal rebar or mesh during the printing process. The need for expansion joints is assessed during the design stage.

Embedded components are placed within the wall cavity and secured with concrete during the formation of the top reinforcement belt of the walls. It is logical to attach these components to the reinforcement frame of the walls. In any case, this is a project-specific decision. The design of the reinforcement frame, the placement of embedded elements, and the method of anchor group installation must be calculated based on the structural loads outlined in the building’s project.

The need for reinforcement is determined during the design stage by analyzing the structural strength requirements. The type of rebar, its diameter, horizontal and vertical spacing, and the method of tying or welding are specified during this phase.
Horizontal reinforcement can be incorporated during printing by placing rebar between layers and embedding it, or between preprinted elements when assembling them on the foundation. Vertical reinforcement is carried out within the wall cavities before pouring concrete or foam-based materials.

Yes, it can. Reinforcement can be performed using metal or composite rebar, perforated sheets, or mesh.

If your project specifies reinforcement, it must be implemented according to the design solution.
Which is better? This is not a correct question. Different types of reinforcement serve different purposes. Metal and composite reinforcement improve the bending strength of structures, while reinforcing concrete with fibers—such as glass, polyester, or basalt—enhances compressive strength and improves crack resistance.

A printer itself does not determine the structural properties, just as a crane on a construction site does not guarantee a building’s strength. The printer is merely equipment for laying concrete.
Strength, frost resistance, water impermeability, seismic resilience, thermal capacity, and other characteristics are defined during the design of the building. The printer will produce exactly what is specified in the project, ensuring the required properties are achieved.

The next-generation printhead delivers an almost smooth surface.

Seismic resistance is accounted for during the design phase. This likely involves adding reinforced frameworks to the structure and using higher-grade concrete for the wall cavities.

The layers bond due to the adhesive properties of the concrete and their own weight. By the time the 10th layer is printed, the 1st layer has already solidified. Equipment certification tests have shown that printed structures are comparable in strength to monolithic constructions.
Strength, frost resistance, water impermeability, seismic resistance, and thermal capacity are determined during the design phase. The project specifies the wall structure, calculates their thickness, and determines the necessity and type of reinforcement, as well as the grades of concrete or foam concrete. These factors ensure the building meets the required characteristics. The printer will follow the project, delivering a structure with the desired properties.

This issue is addressed during the design stage. The printer will construct what is specified in the project. Technologically, construction printing can be described as follows:

• The printer creates the inner and outer contours of the wall with partitions. The wall's thickness and thermal properties are defined by the project.
• Post-reinforcement (if required by the project).
• Filling the wall cavities with insulation material as per the design.
• The project determines the wall structure, calculates its thickness, specifies reinforcement requirements, and defines the grades of concrete or foam concrete.

The strength is determined by the project specifications. The designer calculates the required wall thickness, selects the grade of concrete to be poured into the wall, and specifies the need for reinforcement and its configuration.
By adhering to the project plan, you are likely to achieve the specified strength and thermal efficiency. It’s important to note that a construction printer is simply a tool for placing concrete—it does not calculate or ensure the strength of the walls.

The printer does not determine the structural properties, just as a crane does not ensure a building's strength. The printer is merely a tool for laying concrete.
The strength, frost resistance, waterproofing, seismic resistance, thermal efficiency, and other characteristics of the building are defined during the design phase.
The project specifies the wall structure, calculates their thickness, determines the necessity and type of reinforcement, and selects the appropriate grades of concrete, foam concrete, and other materials.
These factors ensure the building’s specified properties. The printer will follow the project specifications, delivering the desired results.

The foundation is determined by the project and depends on factors such as the type of structure being printed, soil conditions, and seismic activity.
In temperate regions, a solid monolithic slab is typically used as the foundation.

Yes, the mixture can be tinted in various colors by adding concrete pigments.
Check out our detailed video on concrete mixes here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

There is no single answer to this broad question, as a two-story house can vary in height, floor area, wall thickness, ceiling height, etc. Additionally, construction materials can differ—monolithic concrete, brick, wood, thermal blocks, arbolite, etc.
The project’s cost is always calculated the same way: an estimate is prepared based on the house project, and the total cost is divided by the square meters.
The cost per square meter depends on numerous factors. Asking for a specific cost, such as “What’s the cost per square meter when using an Ivanovets crane?”, is misleading.
Remember, the printer is simply a tool for laying concrete.

The printer operates with standard sand concretes, such as M300, which are readily available at any construction market. For example, if you use M300, the characteristics will align with the declared specifications.
The user manual provides technological guidelines for preparing the required concrete mix for printing.
When purchasing the equipment, we provide training on mix preparation. Alternatively, you can purchase ready-to-use mixes from our partner manufacturers.
For more details, watch our video on mixes: https://youtu.be/0V3H1s1KNU4

The printing mix (M300) costs approximately 1,700–2,900 RUB per ton. For standard single-chamber walls, with the thickness of both the outer and inner layers being 0.06 cubic meters, the consumption remains constant regardless of wall thickness. The cost of concrete to fill the internal cavity is directly proportional to its volume, meaning it will increase as wall thickness grows. The price of permanent formwork for a single-chamber wall ranges from 240 to 300 RUB per square meter.

Yes, if the structure is designed and approved by a structural engineer.

The mix composition can vary. The printer works with any sand concrete; using M300 ensures the stated characteristics. For more details, check out our new in-depth video on mixes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

Our printers can print with standard sand concrete starting from 1,700 RUB per ton, widely available in all regions. For further information, watch our detailed video on mixes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

The appropriate materials should be selected during the design phase. Various materials can be poured or placed into the cavities before filling. Dew point calculations are also carried out during the design process.

The printer uses standard M300 sand concrete based on PC400-500 cement, widely available at most construction markets from 1,700 RUB per ton. If M300 is used, the characteristics will match the declared specifications. The operating manual includes technical guidelines for preparing the required concrete mix. When purchasing our equipment, we provide training on how to prepare the mix yourself. Alternatively, ready-made mixes are available from our partner manufacturers. For additional insights, refer to the article on 3D printing mixes and practical tips, or watch our detailed video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

The concrete's characteristics depend on the mix formulation. A prepared M300 mix will deliver the specified properties for this grade. The operating manual contains technical guidelines for mix preparation, making it easy to produce the required concrete for printing. We also provide training on mix preparation when you purchase our equipment, or you can buy ready-made mixes from our partner manufacturers. For more details, check out our in-depth video on mixes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

Yes, any non-metallic materials with a particle size of up to 2.5 mm can be used.

Our printers can print using standard M300 sand concrete based on PC400-500 cement. This is the most common approach among our equipment buyers. Plasticisers available in your region can also be added. The addition of polyester or glass fibres slightly increases strength and ensures crack resistance for long elements. This is precisely what the Danes did, achieving a compressive strength of 350 units.
You can also watch our new detailed video on mixtures: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

The printers work with standard compositions based on PC400-500 series cement, which is widely available on the market. Certification should therefore be obtained from your suppliers. Mineral additives and fibre reinforcement can also be used (these are mass-produced and come with the necessary documents). The operating manual includes technical guidelines for preparing the concrete required for printing.
Test protocols are available, confirming that the mixtures meet manufacturers’ claims for strength, water resistance, and frost resistance.
You can also watch our new detailed video on mixtures: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

Cement and sand (up to 2.5 mm) are sufficient. If gravel is used, it should be agglomerated. Polyester or glass fibres can be added to improve compressive strength and crack resistance, as well as plasticisers.
You can also watch our new detailed video on mixtures: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

Yes, the construction printer works with standard compositions based on PC400-500 cement, which can be purchased in almost any construction store.
You can also watch our new detailed video on mixtures: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

The printer works with standard sand-concrete mixes, which are readily available at any construction market. The cost of a self-prepared mix starts from 1,700 RUB per ton, while pre-packaged mixes start from 2,900 RUB per ton. You can also use gypsum, mineral additive-based mixes, and fiber-reinforced concrete (all of which are industrially produced and come with the necessary documentation). The user manual includes technological guidelines for mix preparation, making it easy to produce the required concrete for printing. Additionally, when you purchase the equipment, we provide training on how to prepare working mixes.
You can also watch our detailed video on mixes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

This is a purely design-related decision. The printer lays the concrete, but decisions regarding further treatment — such as insulation, sanding, painting, or plastering—should be made by the project designers. These choices likely depend on the purpose of the building and the region in which it is being constructed.

The printers create permanent formwork using any type of sand-concrete, such as M300. Fiber reinforcement and plasticizers can be added.
The composition is regulated by the project. The purpose of the permanent formwork is to support the filling of structural or commercial-grade concrete, or foam concrete, into the internal wall cavity. External coatings can be applied, which will enhance water resistance and consequently improve frost resistance.
You can also watch our detailed video on mixes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCZP8CqIIhY&t=673s

Ceiling slabs are complex structural elements with high load-bearing requirements; the printer does not print these. They are produced using traditional methods at precast concrete factories or cast in situ on-site using formwork.

The printer does not pour ceilings or foundations. These elements are made using traditional construction methods.

The printer does not print ceilings or foundations. At most, it can print strip foundations and grillages.

A competent architect familiar with standard graphic editors is sufficient for designing projects using our equipment. The licensed software for converting designs into executable printer code comes pre-installed on all our printers.

We are equipment manufacturers, not project designers. For project-related queries, you should consult specialized organizations. Keep in mind that printers do not print roofs or foundations. Roofing and rafter systems are constructed using widely accepted traditional methods. 3D printing allows for both horizontal reinforcement (laid between layers during printing) and vertical reinforcement (post-printing). External and internal finishing depends on your design. Walls can be plastered, polished, painted, or left with their natural texture to complement the building's aesthetic.

The printer comes with pre-installed software that handles this process. The output is a code that directs the printer's operations.

To create 3D models, you’ll need a graphic editor (e.g., Kompas-3D, ArchiCAD, AutoCAD). Our printers come with pre-installed licensed software to convert designs from the editor into executable code. We provide training on how to use it.

Any graphic editor that can produce .stl files will work.

Our largest printer, the S-500, has a standard working area of 11 x 29 x 14 m. At a client’s request, the working zone can be expanded to 340 sq.m. (31 x 11 m) with a height of up to 80 m.

Using the S-300 printer (capable of printing up to 20 m² of wall per hour), a 100 m² building can realistically be printed in 24–30 hours.

A printer installed on-site can operate even in subzero temperatures. Our S-300 and S-500 printers are fully waterproof, high-performance, reliable, and easy to maintain.

There are two approaches to 3D printing in construction: field and factory methods. In the factory method, buildings are printed in parts and then assembled on-site. For example, the first residential house in Russia, showcased in Yaroslavl, was created this way.

While manual handling is possible, keep in mind that the gantry beam of the S-6044 Long printer weighs over 200 kg. Lifting and installing it manually requires several people. For the S-300, no additional equipment is necessary — it can be easily assembled directly on the foundation.

The AMT range of construction printers is mass-produced industrial equipment. It complies with Technical Specifications, Industrial Safety Certification, and the TR CU Declaration of Conformity. Printers are delivered fully calibrated and tested for functionality.

The foundation is poured using traditional methods. The cost can be calculated based on the construction volumes in your project.

Typically, two people are required to operate the printer: an operator and a technician responsible for the printing mixtures. Additional staffing needs depend on the project—whether you're printing a 2 m² guardhouse or a 200 m² two-story house. Consult with your foreman for precise calculations

According to specifications, all construction printers operate at temperatures between +5°C and +40°C. We have successfully printed at temperatures as low as -7°C using antifreeze additives, in line with technical regulations.

The site should be visually leveled, but the support points don’t need to lie on the same plane. No further requirements apply.

All printers come with a standard package that includes the printer itself, a control cabinet, a laptop, and licensed software. The standard package is sufficient to operate the equipment. The price also covers non-returnable packaging. Training at our facility is complimentary with every printer purchase. For detailed information on what’s included with each printer model, visit the "3D Printers" section.

Training at our facility lasts 2–3 days and is free of charge with the purchase of equipment. It takes place prior to the shipment of the equipment to the customer.
The training programme includes:

• Printer operation
• Routine maintenance
• Assembly and installation
• Mix preparation
• Software usage

Training sessions are conducted at our company’s training centre in Yaroslavl or at the customer’s premises (if commissioning services are ordered).

We believe in transparency. The full price of each printer, including the standard package, is listed on our resources. All prices are available.

Yes, our construction printers can be purchased through leasing. We recommend contacting the following companies:

• EUROPLAN Leasing Company
• Contact: Anton Komlev
• Tel: +7 (915) 986 06 02
• Email: apk12@europlan.ru
• MIC JSC (Yaroslavl branch, 20d Trefoleva St.)
• Contact: Elena Vahrusheva, Branch Manager
• Tel: +7 (962) 209-25-33, +7 (4852) 20-87-57 ext. 302
• Email: m_yar@mik-lizing.ru
• Website: mik-lizing.ru
• Invest-Leasing
• Contact: Victoria Popova, Senior Manager
• Tel: +7 960-285-27-37
• Address: Office 1206, Amber Hall Business Centre, 4k1 Energetikov Ave., St. Petersburg
• Email: v.popova@chelinvest.ru
• Website: investl.ru

We can also recommend other federal leasing companies such as VEB Leasing:
Website: veb-leasing.ru
Leasing Process:

1. Submit an application to a leasing company.
2. Application approval and contract signing.
3. The leasing company purchases the equipment from us on your behalf.
4. Equipment delivery.

The printer itself does not determine the structural properties of a building, just as a crane on a construction site doesn’t ensure the strength of a building. The printer is simply a tool for laying concrete. Characteristics such as strength, earthquake resistance, frost resistance, waterproofing, and thermal capacity are determined during the design phase. The printer produces exactly what is specified in the project, using the designated materials, to achieve the required properties.

The printer operates with standard cement-based mixtures (500 series), which are readily available in any city. Certifications for these mixtures should be obtained from their suppliers. Mixtures with mineral additives and fibre reinforcement can also be used. The strength properties of sand concretes will match those stated in the supplier’s certificates.

While private housing construction (PHC) is not heavily regulated, industrial construction, including high-rise buildings, is strictly governed by building standards. These include:

• The standard developed by NIU MGSU and adopted by Committee 182 on Standardisation: Materials for Construction Production. Terms and Definitions.
• GOST R 59097-2020: National Standard of the Russian Federation: Materials for Additive Construction Production. Technical Requirements.
• GOST R 59096-2020: National Standard of the Russian Federation: Materials for Additive Construction Production. Test Methods.
• PNST 495-2020: Preliminary National Standard of the Russian Federation: Additive Technologies. 3D Printing in Construction. General Requirements. This standard was introduced in 2021 and is valid until 2024.

AMT construction printers are certified in compliance with TR TS (Russia and the Customs Union) and CE (European Union) standards.

For small-format printers, the production timeline is 21 days. For large-format printers, it can take up to 2 months. These timelines may be adjusted depending on the production load at the time of contract signing.
Payment terms for any equipment:

• 70% prepayment upon signing the contract
• 30% payment upon equipment dispatch

Delivery: Delivery costs are borne by the buyer.

Our construction printers are professional-grade equipment, produced serially with a high margin of durability. The warranty period for the equipment is 1 year. During this period, all replacements are free of charge. All components are standard, serially manufactured parts, meaning they can be replaced quickly in the unlikely event of a malfunction (which has not occurred to date). As long as the equipment is not deliberately mishandled and operating instructions are followed, the printer will have a long service life. Each printer comes with an operation manual, which includes guidance on maintenance and technical servicing.

The warranty period is 1 year. The equipment is highly reliable, and with proper care, it will last for a long time (the estimated operational lifespan is 30,000 hours). All components are industrial-grade and designed for heavy professional use. Repairs and replacements under warranty are covered by us.
Routine printer maintenance includes checking chain and cable tension, wear on moving parts, lubrication, and painting. The frequency of maintenance is determined by the physical and technical condition of the printer.
Consumables subject to replacement over time include:

• Gerotor pump components
• Printheads
• Shock-absorbing rods of the vibration screen in the mix-feeding station

The average cost of routine maintenance is approximately 3,000 RUB per month.

The standard personnel required for printer operation is 2 people:

• An operator
• A technician responsible for the mix preparation

Our standard payment terms are as follows: a 70% prepayment on the day the contract is signed and the remaining 30% on the day the equipment is shipped. Equipment rental is not available; however, leasing options can be arranged.

Yes, absolutely. We have extensive experience in shipping equipment worldwide. All our equipment is certified and complies with EU and EAEU standards. The optimal shipping route is planned and accessible to any client. We operate on EXW terms, with shipments departing from the manufacturer’s warehouse — delivery costs are borne by the recipient.